Studying Japanese Ep.1199

This episode focuses on a surprising home scene – coming home to find an unexpected visitor, questioning why they’re there, and learning about a change in tutoring schedule that was arranged without asking. You’ll learn homecoming greetings, casual “why” questions, frequency expressions with 週, and the important ておく pattern for advance preparation.

✅ Learn homecoming and surprise-reaction expressions
✅ Master frequency expressions (週3回, 週4回)
✅ Practice the ておく pattern for advance actions


Introduction

In this lesson, we explore a dramatic little household scene common in Japanese dramas and anime – a student comes home and finds their tutor already there, then learns that their parent has increased the tutoring schedule without asking. This sequence teaches essential grammar patterns for schedule changes, unexpected situations, and actions taken in advance, all in natural conversational Japanese.


ただいま

Meaning & Usage

This is the standard phrase said when arriving home, announcing your return to family members or housemates.

ただいま – I’m home, I’m back

Translation

  • I’m home
  • I’m back

Understanding ただいま

Origin:

  • Shortened from ただいま帰りました (I have just returned)
  • Deeply embedded in Japanese daily routine

The greeting pair:

  • Person arriving: ただいま – I’m home
  • Person waiting: おかえり(なさい) – Welcome back

Examples

ただいま!今日も疲れた〜。
→ I’m home! I’m tired again today~

ただいま、お母さん。
→ I’m home, Mom.

ただいま戻りました。
→ I have returned (slightly more formal)

Related Homecoming Expressions

おかえり(なさい) – Welcome back
行ってきます – I’m leaving (and will return)
行ってらっしゃい – Have a good day/see you later
お邪魔します (おじゃまします) – Excuse the intrusion (entering someone else’s home)


先生、なんでいるの?

Meaning & Usage

This phrase expresses surprise and confusion about someone’s unexpected presence, questioning why they’re there. It’s a casual, direct reaction to an unanticipated situation.

先生 (せんせい) – teacher (used as address)
なんで – why (casual)
いる – to be present, exist (for animate beings)
の – explanatory question particle

Translation

  • Teacher, why are you here?
  • Sensei, what are you doing here?
  • Why is the teacher here?

Understanding 先生 as Direct Address

先生 is used both as a title and direct form of address:

Direct address usage:

  • 先生、こんにちは – Hello, teacher
  • 先生、質問があります – Teacher, I have a question

Applies to:

  • School teachers
  • Private tutors (家庭教師)
  • Doctors
  • Other respected professionals/mentors

Understanding なんで (Why – Casual)

なんで – why (very common, casual)

Comparing “why” words:

  • なんで – Why (casual, common in speech)
  • どうして – Why (neutral, slightly softer)
  • なぜ – Why (formal, written)

Tone note: なんで can sound slightly more direct or surprised than どうして, fitting for spontaneous reactions

Understanding いる (To Be Present)

いる – to exist/be present (animate: people, animals)
ある – to exist/be present (inanimate: objects)

In this context: いる asks why the teacher is present (in the house)

Formation in questions:

  • なんでいるの? – Why are you here? (casual)
  • なんでここにいるの? – Why are you here (in this place)?

Examples

先生、なんでいるの?今日は来る日じゃないよね?
→ Teacher, why are you here? Today isn’t a day you come, right?

え、先生、なんでうちにいるの?
→ Eh, teacher, why are you at our house?

なんでいるの?びっくりした!
→ Why are you here? I was surprised!

Related Surprise Question Patterns

どうしてここに? – Why here?
何してるの? – What are you doing?
いつ来たの? – When did you come?
びっくりした – I was surprised


家庭教師週3回から

Meaning & Usage

This phrase references a private tutor’s visit frequency, specifically mentioning “from three times a week” as the starting point for a schedule change. It sets up the contrast with the next phrase.

家庭教師 (かていきょうし) – private tutor, home tutor
週3回 (しゅうさんかい) – three times per week
から – from (starting point)

Translation

  • The tutor, from three times a week
  • Private tutoring, starting from 3 times a week
  • Home tutor, from 3 sessions weekly

Understanding 家庭教師 (Private Tutor)

家庭教師 (かていきょうし) – home tutor, private tutor

Breakdown:

  • 家庭 (かてい) – home, household
  • 教師 (きょうし) – teacher

Cultural context:

  • Common in Japan for exam preparation
  • Often university students working part-time
  • Visits student’s home for one-on-one instruction
  • Often shortened to 家庭教師 or 家庭教師さん

Understanding 週3回 (Three Times a Week)

Frequency expression pattern:

  • 週 (しゅう) – week
  • Number + 回 (かい) – number of times
  • 週 + number + 回 = [number] times per week

Common examples:

  • 週1回 (しゅういっかい) – once a week
  • 週2回 (しゅうにかい) – twice a week
  • 週3回 (しゅうさんかい) – three times a week
  • 週4回 (しゅうよんかい) – four times a week
  • 週5回 (しゅうごかい) – five times a week

Related frequency expressions:

  • 月2回 (つきにかい) – twice a month
  • 年1回 (ねんいっかい) – once a year
  • 毎日 (まいにち) – every day

Understanding から (From/Starting Point)

から here indicates the starting point of a change:

Pattern:

  • [Original state] + から + [new state] + に (change)
  • 週3回から週4回に – from 3 times a week to 4 times a week

In this fragment: Sets up the “from” portion, with the “to” portion in the next phrase

Examples

家庭教師、週3回から始めます。
→ Private tutoring, I’ll start from three times a week.

うちの子は家庭教師週3回なんです。
→ Our child has a tutor three times a week.

週3回から増やしたいんですが。
→ I’d like to increase from three times a week.

Related Tutoring/Education Vocabulary

塾 (じゅく) – cram school
予備校 (よびこう) – prep school
個人指導 (こじんしどう) – individual instruction
受験勉強 (じゅけんべんきょう) – entrance exam study


週4回にしておいたから

Meaning & Usage

This phrase announces that the tutoring frequency has been changed to four times a week, done in advance and without asking. The ておく pattern shows the action was taken proactively, and から gives it as an explanation/reason.

週4回 (しゅうよんかい) – four times a week
に – to (change target)
しておいた – did in advance (ておく + past)
から – because/so (explanatory, casual)

Translation

  • I’ve made it four times a week (in advance)
  • I went ahead and changed it to four times a week
  • I set it to four times a week, so…

Understanding にする (To Decide On/Make It)

にする – to decide on, to make it [something], to choose

Formation:

  • Noun + にする = decide on/choose [noun]
  • 週4回にする = make it four times a week

Common examples:

  • コーヒーにする – I’ll have coffee
  • これにする – I’ll take this one
  • 週4回にする – Make it four times a week

Understanding ておく (Doing in Advance)

ておく – to do something in advance, to do for future benefit, to leave in a state

Formation:

  • Verb て-form + おく
  • する → して + おく = しておく
  • Past: しておいた

Nuances of ておく:

Advance preparation:

  • 予約しておく – make a reservation in advance
  • 準備しておく – prepare in advance

Leaving in a state:

  • ドアを開けておく – leave the door open
  • 電気をつけておく – leave the light on

Often implies:

  • Proactive action
  • Decision made ahead of time
  • Sometimes without consulting the affected person

The Nuance in This Scene

The phrase 週4回にしておいたから carries a specific tone:

Fait accompli feeling:

  • The action is already done
  • Speaker decided independently
  • Listener is being informed, not asked

Common in parent-child dynamics:

  • Parent makes decision “for the child’s benefit”
  • Casually announces after the fact
  • Can sound matter-of-fact or slightly dramatic

Understanding から as Casual Explanation

から at sentence end provides casual reasoning or information:

Function:

  • Explains or informs without fully completing the thought
  • Softer than a direct statement
  • Implies “so [you should know/be aware]”

In this context: “I’ve set it to four times a week, so [deal with it/be prepared]”

Examples

来週から週4回にしておいたから、頑張ってね。
→ I’ve set it to four times a week starting next week, so do your best.

予約しておいたから、心配しないで。
→ I made a reservation in advance, so don’t worry.

先生にお願いして、週4回にしておいたから。
→ I asked the teacher and made it four times a week.

Related Advance-Action Expressions

〜ておいて – Please do 〜 in advance
〜ておきます – I’ll do 〜 in advance (polite)
〜てある – Has been done (resulting state)
〜とく – Casual contraction of ておく


Putting It All Together: A Surprise Homecoming Scene

Natural Conversation Flow

These phrases combine into a dramatic household scene:

Scene structure:

  1. ただいま – Student arrives home
  2. 先生、なんでいるの? – Surprised to find tutor already there
  3. 家庭教師週3回から – Reference to previous schedule
  4. 週4回にしておいたから – Parent reveals the change

This shows how everyday household announcements can carry emotional surprise, especially when decisions affect someone without their input.


Common Mistakes

❌ Confusing いる and ある

Wrong: 先生、なんであるの?
Correct: 先生、なんでいるの?
Use いる for people/animals, ある for objects

❌ Forgetting the counter 回 in frequency expressions

Incomplete: 週3
Correct: 週3回
Frequency requires the counter 回 (times)

❌ Wrong particle with にする

Wrong: 週4回をしておいた
Correct: 週4回にしておいた
Use に with する for “decide on/make it”

❌ Confusing ておく with ている

ている – ongoing state/action (is doing)
ておく – advance action/leaving in state (did in advance)
Different meanings and nuances


Practice Dialogue

Scenario: Student comes home to a surprise

生徒: ただいま!

母: おかえり。

生徒: あれ、先生、なんでいるの?今日は木曜日だよね?

先生: こんにちは。お母さんから聞いてない?

生徒: え?何を?

母: あのね、家庭教師週3回から、週4回にしておいたから。

生徒: ええ!?聞いてないよ!

母: 受験も近いし、頑張ってね。

生徒: ……はい。

Student: I’m home!

Mother: Welcome back.

Student: Huh, teacher, why are you here? Today’s Thursday, right?

Teacher: Hello. Didn’t you hear from your mom?

Student: Eh? Hear what?

Mother: You see, I’ve changed the tutoring from three times a week to four times a week.

Student: What!? I didn’t hear about this!

Mother: The exams are coming up soon too, so do your best.

Student: ……Yes.


Cultural Notes

Tutoring and Exam Pressure in Japanese Society

This episode’s scenario reflects important aspects of Japanese educational culture:

家庭教師 Culture: Private tutoring is a common supplement to formal education in Japan, especially during exam preparation periods. University students often work as tutors, and families may increase tutoring frequency as important exams approach.

Exam-Driven Education: Japan’s high-stakes entrance examination system (受験) creates significant pressure on students and families, often leading to increased investment in supplementary education like tutoring and cram schools (塾).

Parental Decision-Making: The scenario of a parent increasing tutoring without consulting the child reflects a traditional parent-child dynamic in which parents make educational decisions “for the child’s benefit,” though this is increasingly discussed and questioned in modern Japanese society.

ておく as Cultural Reflection: The grammar pattern ておく itself reflects Japanese values around preparation and planning ahead (準備), appearing constantly in daily language – from making reservations to preparing meals to arranging schedules.

Family Communication Styles: Announcing decisions after the fact (しておいたから) rather than discussing beforehand is a familiar pattern in some Japanese family dynamics, where efficiency and parental authority may take precedence over consultation, often generating the kind of mild dramatic tension seen in this scene.


Wrap-up

This episode explored a surprising household scene through four connected phrases. ただいま announces homecoming, 先生、なんでいるの? expresses surprised confusion at an unexpected presence, 家庭教師週3回から references the original tutoring schedule, and 週4回にしておいたから reveals the advance-arranged change.

These phrases teach essential grammar – frequency expressions with 週 and 回, the casual “why” question なんで, the にする pattern for decisions, and the versatile ておく for advance action. Understanding this language helps you follow everyday household conversations and appreciate the cultural context of education, family dynamics, and planning ahead in Japanese society.